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Thomas the Tank Engine

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This article is about the character. For the franchise this character appears in, see Thomas & Friends (franchise). For the original 1946 book by Wilbert Awdry, see List of books in The Railway Series § Thomas the Tank Engine.

Thomas the Tank Engine
The Railway Series, Thomas & Friends, and Thomas & Friends: All Engines Go character
Thomas as illustrated by C. Reginald Dalby
First appearanceThomas the Tank Engine (1946)
Created byWilbert Awdry
Christopher Awdry
Designed byL. B. Billinton (in-universe)
Reginald Payne
Voiced by
Other
NumberNWR 1 (formerly L.B.S.C. 70 in Thomas & Friends)
In-universe information
SpeciesSteam locomotive
GenderMale
OccupationStation pilot
Passenger train
HomeIsland of Sodor
NationalityEnglish (formerly)
Sudric

Thomas the Tank Engine is an anthropomorphised fictional tank locomotive in the British Railway Series books by Wilbert Awdry and his son Christopher, published from 1945. He became the most popular character in the series, and is the titular protagonist in the accompanying television series adaptation Thomas & Friends and its reboot Thomas & Friends: All Engines Go.

Thomas is a locomotive on The Fat Controller's North Western Railway on the Island of Sodor alongside Edward the Blue Engine, Henry the Green Engine, Gordon the Big Engine, James the Red Engine, Percy the Small Engine, Toby the Tram Engine, and many other locomotives.

Thomas is based on the LB&SCR E2 class.[1] Thomas first appeared in 1946, in the second book in the series Thomas the Tank Engine, and was the focus of the four short stories contained within.

In 1979, British writer and producer Britt Allcroft came across the books,[‡ 2] and arranged a deal to make the television series Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends (later simplified to Thomas & Friends). The programme became an award-winning hit around the world, with a range of spin-off commercial products.

Prototype and background

The TV series and Hornby based Thomas on this prototype belonging to the LB&SCR E2 class.

Awdry based Thomas on a wooden toy made for his son Christopher. This toy looked rather different from the character in the books and television series, and carried the letters NW on its side tanks, which stood for "No Where" according to Awdry.[2]

The first Thomas model was not based on a prototype.[3] After Awdry's wife encouraged him to publish the stories,[4] the publisher of the second book Thomas the Tank Engine hired illustrator Reginald Payne. Awdry selected a real locomotive for Payne to work from to create authenticity: a Billinton designed 0-6-0T E2 Class of the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway.[5] This may have been chosen because Awdry had a photograph to hand.[3]

The models of Thomas used in the Thomas & Friends television series and produced by Hornby are based on the E2 locomotives fitted with an extension to the front of the water tanks.[6] Awdry was unsatisfied with one detail of the illustration; the front end of his running board sloped downward, which meant that his front and back buffers were at different heights. This was an illustrator's mistake that was perpetuated in subsequent books. The crash seen in Thomas Comes to Breakfast was partly devised as a means of correcting this. Thomas has always been shown with a curved running board in the television series.

Payne was not credited for his illustrations at the time, and it is only since the publication of Brian Sibley's The Thomas the Tank Engine Man that he has received recognition. It had often been erroneously assumed that C. Reginald Dalby created the character, as he was responsible for illustrating books 3–11 and repainting the illustrations of the first two books.[citation needed]

All of the prototype LB&SCR E2 class locomotives were scrapped between 1961 and 1963. Thomas locomotives used on Day Out with Thomas days on heritage railways are either unpowered replicas or converted from other locomotives.[7]

History

The Railway Series

Despite becoming the most popular character in The Railway Series, Thomas was not featured in the first book, The Three Railway Engines.

Thomas was described in the opening to "Thomas and Gordon", the first story in the book Thomas the Tank Engine, as "a tank engine who lived at a big station. He had six small wheels, a short stumpy funnel, a short stumpy boiler and a short stumpy dome. He was a fussy little engine, always pulling coaches about. [...] He was cheeky, too."[‡ 3]

Thomas arrived on Sodor shortly after he was built in 1915, when The Fat Controller bought the locomotive for a nominal sum to be a pilot engine at Vicarstown. Thomas initially worked as a station pilot engine in the first three stories in the second book, but longed for more important jobs such as pulling the express train like Gordon the Big Engine; his inexperience prevented this. In the fourth story, "Thomas and the Breakdown Train", Thomas rescues James and is rewarded with his own branch line.[8]

Television series

See also: Thomas & Friends
Thomas' model in series 8 (2004)

Thomas's on-screen appearances in the television series were developed by Britt Allcroft. The first series of twenty-six stories premiered in October 1984 on ITV in the United Kingdom, with former Beatles drummer/vocalist Ringo Starr as the narrator. The stories were featured as segments as part of Shining Time Station in the United States beginning in 1989, with Starr as the show's Mr. Conductor character. Starting in 1991, Michael Angelis and George Carlin replaced Starr as the narrators in the UK and US respectively. Carlin also replaced Starr as Mr. Conductor for Shining Time Station until 1993. Carlin also told the Thomas stories for Shining Time Station in 1995.

In 1996, the Thomas stories were segments for Mr. Conductor's Thomas Tales, again featuring George Carlin. From 1998 to 2003, Alec Baldwin replaced Carlin as the American narrator and portrayed Mr. Conductor in the franchise's first theatrical film, Thomas and the Magic Railroad (2000). Michael Brandon took over as the American narrator for the series starting in 2004, until both he and Angelis left the series in 2012. From 2013 to 2017, the series was narrated by Mark Moraghan. From 2018, the episodes were told from Thomas's point of view.

Thomas's personality in the television series was originally consistent to the books. As the show branched away from the books, modifications were made; Thomas became less arrogant and self-absorbed, developing a more friendly, altruistic side.[citation needed] He is not limited to his branch line and works multiple oddjobs over Sodor.

From Thomas & Friends: Hero of the Rails until series 18, Thomas was voiced by Ben Small in the UK dub and Martin Sherman in the US dub.[9] From 2015-2021, Thomas was voiced by John Hasler in the UK, and by Joseph May in the US. Both ended their roles after the twenty-fourth series was produced. The role was taken by several child actors in Thomas & Friends: All Engines Go; Meesha Contreras voices Thomas in the US[‡ 1] and Aaron Barashi voices him in the UK. David Kolsmith later took over from Contreras before getting replaced himself by Kai Harris for the third season.

In Thomas & Friends: The Adventure Begins, a retelling of many of the first episodes of series 1, he dons a green colour when he first arrives on Sodor, his tanks are lettered "LBSC" (for the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway) with the number 70 on his bunker. The 70 is a reference to 2015 being the 70th anniversary since The Railway Series' debut, despite the fact that LB&SCR E2 class were actually numbered from 100–109;[citation needed] the real life LBSC no. 70 is an A1 class.

Models

Thomas had his genesis in a wooden push-along toy from the early 1940s made by Wilbert Awdry out of a piece of broomstick for his son Christopher. This engine looked notably different from the character in the books and television series and was based on an LNER Class J50, which was going to be his originally intended basis, with smaller side tanks and splashers.[10] He was painted blue with yellow lining and carried the letters NW on his side tanks. Christopher lost this model, which was recreated for the 70th anniversary. Awdry happily endorsed Payne's account that the locomotive was an LBSC E2, although the first Thomas on Awdry's model railway, from Stuart Reidpath, lacked extended tanks. In the 1979 Thomas the Tank Engine annual, he wrote the following:

I bought Thomas in 1948 when I was writing Tank Engine Thomas Again, and wanted to start modelling once more after a lapse of some twenty years. Thomas was one of Stewart Reidpath's standard models with a heavy, cast white metal body, and was fitted with his "Essar" chassis and motor. Stewart Reidpath is now dead, and his motors, let alone spare parts for them, have been unobtainable for years; but Thomas still keeps going! He is, as you might expect from his age, a temperamental old gentleman, and has to be driven very carefully indeed.

— Wilbert Awdry[‡ 4]

Thomas Mk. I was retired with its passenger coaches in 1979, with Thomas Mk. II having been produced the year before using a Tri-ang 'Jinty' 3F 0-6-0T. After the British model railways manufacturing company Hornby Railways produced the LBSC E2 tank engine, Awdry adapted one in 1980 to take the role of Thomas Mk. III on his layout of the Ffarquhar branch.[citation needed]

Awdry's requested models, to which Lines Bros. subsidiary, Meccano Ltd, responded with Percy and wagons in 1967.[10] Hornby Hobbies launched their "The World of Thomas the Tank Engine" range in 1985. This was a OO gauge range of model railway train sets and models which they would continue to produce for the next 30 years. When designing their Thomas model, Hornby reused their 1979 model of a LB&SCR model of a class E2 tank engine, which they suitably altered with a face and extended tanks to resemble the character. Many of the other characters in the Railway Series books were thus modelled by Hornby, including characters added for the television series. Hornby also supplied suitable coaches, wagons and lineside buildings within the series.

Reception

Awards

Thomas was the only fictional character included in The Independent on Sunday's 2009 "Happy List", recognised alongside 98 real-life adults and a therapy dog for making Britain a better and happier place.[11] In 2011, Thomas the Tank Engine featured on a series of 1st class UK postage stamps issued by the Royal Mail to mark the centenary of the birth of its creator, Reverend Wilbert Awdry.[12]

Legacy

A Thomas the Tank Engine-themed JNR Class C11 train in Japan, 2014

Japanese Ōigawa Railway's locomotives include five characters from the Thomas & Friends series: Thomas, Hiro, Percy, James, and Rusty. The locomotives are based at Shin-Kanaya Station.[13] Thomas runs between Shin-Kanaya Station and Kawaneonsen-Sasamado Station.[14]

Thomas has been referenced, featured and parodied in popular culture. In 1988, he was parodied on ITV's Spitting Image where he was portrayed as a drunk who "went completely off the rails."[‡ 5] In 2009, he appeared in "The Official BBC Children in Need Medley" where he was voiced by Ringo Starr, who narrated the first two series of Thomas & Friends.[15] In the British comedy show Bobby Davro's TV Weekly, a spoof was created titled "Thomas the Tanked Up Engine" involving Jeremy, a pink recolour of James. Bobby Davro provided the narration by impersonating Ringo Starr.

In Cartoon Network's MAD, Thomas the Tank Engine appears in "Thomas the Unstoppable Tank Engine", a crossover between Thomas & Friends and Unstoppable.[‡ 6] A parody of Thomas & Friends was in Robot Chicken, entitled "Blow Some Steam". In the skit, Thomas was voiced by Daniel Radcliffe.[‡ 7]

The 2015 Marvel superhero film Ant-Man features a Bachmann HO scale model of Thomas. In the film's climactic battle, Ant-Man and Yellowjacket fight atop a model train pulled by the Thomas model while in their insect sizes, until Yellowjacket derails the model train and throws Thomas at Ant-Man, who knocks him onto a windowsill. An accident during the fight results in Thomas suddenly growing to the size of a real train and demolishing a large portion of Ant-Man's daughter's house before landing on top of a police car.[16][17][18]

Video game players have frequently modified released games to include Thomas and other characters, typically by replacing a boss character with Thomas and using sounds and music from the show. One of the first popular efforts was replacing dragons with engines and trucks in the game The Elder Scrolls: Skyrim in 2013, and Thomas has since been incorporated into other games like Grand Theft Auto V, Sonic the Hedgehog and the 2019 Resident Evil 2 remake.[19]

See also

References

  1. ^ Sibley, Brian (1995). The Thomas the Tank Engine Man. London: Heinemann. ISBN 0-434-96909-5.
  2. ^ Awdry (2005), 4
  3. ^ a b Awdry (2005), 29
  4. ^ Awdry (2005), 1
  5. ^ "Characters of the Railway Series: Thomas the Tank Engine". PegnSean. Archived from the original on 13 December 2017.
  6. ^ Awdry (2005), 5
  7. ^ Awdry (2005), 5–6
  8. ^ Awdry (2005), 35
  9. ^ "Thomas the Tank Engine speaks for the first time". Metro. 24 September 2009. Archived from the original on 22 July 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
  10. ^ a b "Creating Thomas the Tank". World of Railways. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  11. ^ "The IoS Happy List 2009 – the 100". The Independent. 18 April 2009. Archived from the original on 7 May 2022.
  12. ^ "Thomas the Tank Engine stamps launched on East Lancs Railway". Lancashire Telegraph. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  13. ^ Imada, Kaila (1 May 2023). "You can now ride a real Thomas the Tank Engine train in Japan". Time Out Tokyo. Retrieved 9 May 2024.
  14. ^ "Thomas | Oigawa Railway Company [Official Website]". Retrieved 9 May 2024.
  15. ^ "The Daily Beatle". The Daily Beatle. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
  16. ^ "Ant-Man granted Thomas the Tank cameo as long as train wasn't evil". The Independent. 30 July 2015. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
  17. ^ "How Thomas the Tank Engine ended up in Ant-Man". Digital Spy. 27 July 2015. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
  18. ^ "Even Thomas The Tank Engine Was A Digital Fake In Ant-Man". Gizmodo Australia. 6 July 2018. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
  19. ^ Evans-Thirlwell, Edwin (9 May 2019). "Why are people modding Thomas the Tank Engine into video games?". The Face. Retrieved 15 May 2019.

Primary sources

In the text, these references are preceded by a double dagger (‡):

  1. ^ a b "Thomas' Promise". Thomas & Friends: All Engines Go. Season 1. Episode 1. 13 September 2021. Cartoon Network.
  2. ^ Sibley, Brian (1995). The Thomas the Tank Engine Man. Heinemann. p. 291. ISBN 0-434-96909-5.
  3. ^ The Rev. W. Awdry (1946). Thomas the Tank Engine. Edmund Ward. p. 4. ISBN 0-434-92779-1.
  4. ^ Thomas The Tank Engine Annual 1979 by Rev. W. Awdry. at AbeBooks.co.uk - ISBN 0723504822
  5. ^ Ringo/Thomas Spoof on Spitting Image (1988). 25 January 2011. Archived from the original on 31 October 2021 – via YouTube.
  6. ^ Skit From MadTV: Thomas The Unstoppable Tank Engine. Ryan21hw. 2 October 2011. Archived from the original (YouTube) on 28 January 2019. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
  7. ^ Blow Some Steam – Robot Chicken (YouTube). Adult Swim. 12 November 2012. Archived from the original on 31 October 2021. Retrieved 21 June 2018.[better source needed]

Further reading

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Thomas the Tank Engine.
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